Psych 465: Computation in the Brain

Time and place: T 2:00-4:10; UH 438
Instructors: Barbara Finlay, Shimon Edelman.

In this course, we will integrate computational modeling with known neurophysiology as it applies to large nervous systems. In some cases, the relationship of present modeling is direct (Themes I-III); or the biology needs more computational instruction (IV); or the computation is interesting but the application obscure (V). We will spend 2-3 weeks on each subject, with half of the first sessions of each devoted to a basic overview of the relevant computational principles and neuroanatomy/physiology in each case. We encourage you to take this course if you have prior experience in either computation or neurobiology: the point of the course is making the links.

theme # heading example systems
THEME I FEEDFORWARD COMPUTATION:
Bayesian inference and decision making
Multisensory integration; visuomotor decision-making
THEME II SEQUENCE REPRESENTATION AND PROCESSING Birdsong; applications to language
THEME III INFORMATION INTEGRATION AND CONTROL:
Parallel computations
Complementary roles of cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus and cerebellum
THEME IV HIGHLY DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS Integration of innate and learned patterns in amygdala; gating in attachment systems; semantic knowledge
THEME V OPEN-ENDED COMPUTATION to be determined

Readings by theme

See the readings file (note: `*' marks a password-protected link; email SE (s e 3 7 @ c o r n e l l . e d u) for the password).

Weekly schedule

Click on the icon to see the class notes for each week (future material always under construction).
week/datethemetopicremarks/extras
week 1:
1/22

Theme I:
feedforward computation
Introduction and overview. The role of computation in cognition. Statistical inference. The Bayesian framework. Click on the icon on the left to see the class notes for this week.
week 2:
1/29

Theme I:
feedforward computation
Bayesian neural coding. Multisensory integration. Click on the icon on the left to see the class notes for this week. Shimon will discuss the papers by Deneve (2007) and by Knill & Pouget (2004). As always, the papers themselves are under readings.
week 3:
2/5

Theme I:
feedforward computation
Bayesian decision-making and motor control. There is an extra reading (optional) for next Tuesday: *Using Bayes' Rule to Model Multisensory Enhancement in the Superior Colliculus, T. J. Anastasio, P. E. Patton, and K. Belkacem-Boussaid, Neural Computation 12:1165-1187 (2000).
week 4:
2/12

Theme II:
sequences
Neural synchrony, or not Singer; Shadlen
week 5:
2/19

Theme II:
sequences
Synfire; polychronization; spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP)

Ikegaya; Izhikevich; Jun and Jin

week 6:
2/26

Theme II:
sequences
Birdsong

Language

Farries & Perkel; Yu & Margoliash; Drew & Abbott;
Dominey

Optional extra: *What songbirds teach us about learning, M. S. Brainard and A. J. Doupe, Nature 417:351-358 (2002).

week 7:
3/4

Theme III:
information integration
Roles of hippocampus, cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum Atallah et al.; Doya

[Remember the take-home question: use the O'Reilly/ Doya basal ganglia model to produce some serially ordered behavior, one of your favorite serially ordered behaviors.]

week 8:
3/11

Theme III:
information integration
Inverse models; models of high-level cognition An extra paper, Internal models for motor control and trajectory planning, M. Kawato, Current Opinion in Neurobiology 9:718-727 (1999); also O'Reilly, and the extra extra papers listed on the notes page for this week.
Spring Break
week 9:
3/25

Theme III:
information integration
Lifetime memory integration Merker
week 10:
4/1

Theme IV:
highly distributed computation
The amygdala Martinez-Garcia et al.; A. Pitkanen; also an extra: *Emotion Circuits in the Brain, J. E. LeDoux, Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23:155-184 (2000).
week 11:
4/8

Theme IV:
highly distributed computation
The amygdala (cont.) Young, Goodson, and Zald.
week 12:
4/15
Theme IV:
highly distributed computation
Understanding Trying to understand the wheels-within-wheels loops-within-loops and other quirks of the brain architecture
  1. subsumption architecture (read Intelligence without representation, Brooks, R. A., Artificial Intelligence 47:139-159, 1991)
  2. the CogAff / CoSy architecture:
    1. read Sloman & Chrisley from the reading list, under Theme V
    2. read More things than are dreamt of in your biology: Information-processing in biologically inspired robots, Aaron Sloman and Ron Chrisley
    3. read Natural and artificial meta-configured altricial information-processing systems, Jackie Chappell, Aaron Sloman
week 13:
4/22
Theme V:
open-ended computation
novel models of computation Maass [maybe also Fernando, C. and Sojakka, S. (2003). Pattern recognition in a bucket. In Banzhaf, W., Christaller, T., Dittrich, P., Kim, J.T. and Ziegler, J., editors, Advances in Artificial Life, Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL 2003), pages 588-597. Springer. See Fernando's publication page]
Barrett
week 14:
4/29

Theme V:
open-ended computation
evolution and emergence Gould, S. J. (1986), Evolution and the Triumph of Homology, or Why History Matters, American Scientist 74:60-69.
Finlay, B. L. (2007) Endless minds most beautiful, Developmental Science 10:30-34.
Szathmary & Maynard Smith
Clayton & Kauffman

Shimon Edelman <s e 3 7    at    c o r n e l l . e d u>
Last modified on Sun Apr 27 12:08:09 2008